Sodium formate; Formic acid sodium salt, also known as Sodiumformatehydrate, contains two water crystals in its crystallization. Sodium formate is one of the simplest organic carboxylic acid salts. It is a white crystalline or powder with a slight formic acid odor. Slightly deliquescent and hygroscopic. Soluble in about 1.3 parts of water and glycerin, slightly soluble in ethanol, octanol, insoluble in ether. Its aqueous solution is alkaline. When heated, sodium formate breaks down into hydrogen and sodium oxalate, which then forms sodium carbonate. Sodium formate is mainly used in the production of insurance powder, oxalic acid and formic acid. It is used as camouflage acid in chromium tanning in leather industry, as catalyst and stable synthetic agent, as reducing agent in printing and dyeing industry. Sodium formate is harmless to humans and can irritate the eyes, respiratory system and skin. The molecular formula is CHO2Na and the chemical structural formula is HCOONa and HCOONa·2H2O.
Physical properties
[Appearance] Sodium formate is white crystal or powder with a slight smell of formic acid.
Boiling point (℃) 360
Melting point (℃) ≥253
[Density] g/cm3 1.92
[Solubility] Soluble in about 1.3 parts of water and glycerin, slightly soluble in ethanol, octanol, insoluble in ether. Its aqueous solution is alkaline.
[Stability] When heated, sodium formate breaks down into hydrogen and sodium oxalate, which then forms sodium carbonate.
Chemical properties
[CAS login Number] 141-53-7
[EINECS Login Number] 205-488-0
Molecular weight: 68.01
[Molecular formula and structural formula] The molecular formula is CHO2Na and the chemical structural formula is HCOONa, HCOONa·2H2O.
[Common chemical reaction] Pure sodium formate is melted at 253℃, and slowly decomposed into sodium carbonate, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a small amount of sodium oxalate at about 330℃. When the temperature is higher than 400℃, the exothermic reaction occurs, and sodium formate is dehydrogenated to sodium oxalate.
2 hcoona - NaOOC - COONa + H2
NaOOC COONa - Na2CO3 + CO
Forbidden ligand strong acid
[Polymerization hazard] No polymerization hazard
The main purpose
Used for leather industry, the main uses are as follows:
(1) mainly used in the production of formic acid, oxalic acid and insurance powder, but also used in the production of dimethylformamide, etc. Also used in medicine, printing and dyeing industry. ;
(2) used as reagent, disinfectant and mordant for the determination of phosphorus and arsenic;
(3) As a preservative. Uses four: used in alkyd resin coating, plasticizer, strength;
(4) Used as explosives, acid resistant materials, aviation lubricating oil, adhesive additives.